Zoological Museum as Fauna Learning Media to Children

Chapter I

Introduction

A.    Background

The museum is a permanent institution, non-profit, serving public needs, with an open nature, by conducting business collecting, conserving, researching, communicating, and showing real objects to the public for the needs of study, education and pleasure. Therefore, it can be used as a study material by academics, documentation of certain community characteristics, or documentation and imaginative thinking in the future. Since 1977, every May 18^th is celebrated as International Museum Day.

In Indonesia, the museum that was first built was the Radya Pustaka Museum. Besides that, the Elephant Museum is also known as the most complete collection in Indonesia, the Puppet Museum, Persada Soekarno, the Textile Museum and the National Gallery of Indonesia which specifically presents a collection of Indonesian modern art.

The museum has a variety of types, from large institutions and includes many categories, to small institutions that focus on a particular subject, location, or someone. In addition there is a universal museum whose collection represents the world and usually collections include art, science, history and natural history. The type and size of the museum is reflected in its collection. A museum usually has a core collection which is the most important object in its field.

Indonesia has many museums scattered throughout the archipelago. This museum is used as a medium of learning for children to get to know or know about history or whatever is presented in the museum. This is done to increase the knowledge and insight of Indonesian children about history, science, and others.

B.     Aim

The purpose of the research is about the Zoological Museum which is located in Bogor, West Java, namely:

1.      To find out the condition of the Zoological Museum

2.      To find out what are the facilities in the Zoological Museum

C.    Formulation of The Problem

1.      What is the Zoological Museum?

2.      What is the attraction at the Zoological Museum?

Chapter II

Discussion

A.    Zoological Museum

Bogor Zoological Museum is a museum located in Bogor, has collections related to the animal world such as various preserved specimens and animal fossils. The museum is divided into two, one of which is opened every day to the public which contains an exhibition room located on Jalan Ir. H. Juanda No. 9 Bogor, the other museum serves as a collection place and is only open to the public once a year in October, at the Cibinong Science Center precisely at Jalan Raya Jakarta - Bogor Km.46 Cibinong, Bogor. Both parts of the museum are managed by the Zoology Division of the Biology Research Center-LIPI.

In August 1894 Dr. J.C. Koningberger founded the Zoologicum Bogoriensis Museum (MZB), a part of ‘s Lands Plantentuin. The initial function was the zoology laboratory as a forum for research in agriculture and zoology, with the name Landbouw Zoologisch Museum. The construction of the new museum building was completed in late August 1931. The aim of the establishment of the museum was to collect and exhibit a collection of preserved animals from mammals, reptiles, insects, birds, amphibians, fish, and mollusks. Also, the set of concyologia from Java, especially the Dutch East Indies in general and the carcinoogical set including the types of shellfish from the Indonesian Archipelago.

The duties and obligations of the Zoological Museum are based on Government Decrees dated January 26, 1908 No.42 Department of Landbouw (Ministry of Agriculture). This museum joins the Laboratory in Bogor and with the Fisheries Station (Visserij station) in Batavia.

The Zoological Museum collection in the Widyasatwaloka building, Cibinong Science Center covers 3.5% of the number of species of fauna found in Indonesia, and from fauna diversity in Indonesia only 0.05% of examples of animals (specimens) possessed by the Zoology Field, Research Center Biology, LIPI.

1.      Mammals, the collection consists of various types of mammals collected from various islands in Indonesia. The total collection is 650 types, consisting of 30,000 examples of animals (specimens).

2.      Fish, a collection of various types of fish consists of 12,000 species represented by 140,000 examples of animals.

3.      Birds, collections are collected from East and West Indonesia. A total of 1,000 species, including 30,762 examples of animals. The collection room for storing bird specimens in the room is maintained at 22 ° C to keep the collection from being destroyed.

4.      Reptiles and amphibians, stored collections recorded 763 species, out of 19,937 animal samples.

5.      Mollusk, the collection of stored mollusks is 959 species of 13,146 animal samples.

6.      Insects are a group of animals with the largest number of collections. The Bogor Zoological Museum is the most complete and largest insect repository in Southeast Asia. Insect collection recorded 12,000 species, from 2,580,000 examples of animals.

7.      Other invertebrates consist of types of invertebrates, not mollusks and insects. Collections collected there are 700 types of 1,558 examples of animals.

B.     Attraction at the Zoological Museum

a)      Classic building

The Zoology Museum occupies a 1,000 square meter building with seven showrooms. In general, the condition of the building has been better and maintained even though the lighting is bleak because it functions so as not to change the color of the collection. The buildings around the building are also classic even though they are a bit fragile, but for those who like antiques, photography and horror, they will love it.

b)      Pope Pameungpeuk

The main icon in the Zoological Museum is the blue whale, which is the largest mammal in the world. The blue whale was found dead stranded on the coast of Pameunpeuk, Garut, in 1916. It took 44 days to carry its body 27 meters long and weigh 64 tons to Bogor. The appearance of the blue whale skeleton is the main attraction in the Zoological Museum.

c)      The Tasik Rhinoceros

This 2-ton male rhino from Tasikmalaya is the last rhino in the Priangan region after his partner died in 1914 due to being shot by poachers. To avoid the male being shot also finally put into the collection of the Zoological Museum in 1934.

d)      Big Fish from Jakarta Bay

Jakarta in the past produced abundant marine products. The collection is in the original Zoological Museum. There is a jangilus fish (Tetrapturus brevirostris) from a family of marlin fish that are like swords. The size of an adult, this fish was found in the Jakarta fish market in 1933.

C.    Strengths in the Zoological Museum

Before I visited the Zoological museum, many sources said that the musseum was hot, the lights were dim, there was no air conditioning. However, what I got was the opposite. The Zoological Museum is not as hot and not as scary as people say. I feel that the Zoological museum is still quite bright and not too hot. Some people who visit also look comfortable lingering inside.

The location of the Zoological Museum in the Bogor Botanical Gardens is a distinct advantage. Most people will visit the museum if they go to the botanical garden. After the museum can relax in the botanical garden, have a family picnic, or do other activities with the family.

In the museum, we can learn about fauna found throughout Indonesia. In the front corridor before entering the museum there is information about classes in kingdom animalia. After that we will go inside and see hundreds of species of birds, in the next room there are types of mammals, then the types of reptiles, insects, fish, and finally mollusks. All animals on display are native animals that are preserved so that they can give us an idea of ​​extinct animals that are like this.

A small map of the museum is also another advantage because the target of the museum was founded more to introduce the world of fauna to children. With a map like that will not make children feel tired and bored if the museum is built too large and large. Parents also need to be able to continue to make their children interested in what's inside the museum.

D.    The Importance of Knowing Fauna Diversity

Today, the number of faunas in Indonesia and abroad is decreasing every year. This is caused by illegal hunting and a lack of strict supervision of the fauna owned. In Indonesia alone, every year there is always a conflict between humans and animals because humans take the habitat area of ​​these animals which causes these animals to enter settlements to find food. The government should give a rule that it is not permissible to pass through the habitat of an animal to be used as a settlement or other building. As humans we must remember that we do not live alone on this earth. We have various types of animals and plants that we must care for and guard together.

The diminishing and even extinction of an animal eating knows the diversity of fauna is very important. We can still see animals that are protected at the zoo, seeing them move. But what about extinct animals? We can only see it through the skeleton contained in the museum and maybe never know more details about the animal. What is even sadder is that if the extinct animals have not had the chance to be preserved for collection in the museum, they will be forgotten. For this reason, knowing the diversity of fauna is also important. We can know and add to our insight into the world of fauna through the Zoological Museum which is the most comprehensive museum in Southeast Asia.

Chapter II

Closing

A.    Conclusion

The Zoological Museum is the most complete fauna museum in Southeast Asia. This museum attracts visitors when visiting the Bogor Botanical Gardens. The Zoological Museum with its complete collection can attract visitors with various icons in it. The average museum visitor is a family who intends to provide education about the world of fauna to their children. By visiting the Zoological museum, it is hoped that children will take part in preserving the animals in Indonesia from extinction.

B.     Suggestion

Overall there are no shortcomings in the Zoological Museum, but to maintain visitors' comfort, they still need to be considered clean. It aims to keep the museum crowded with visitors every day.