Chapter
I
Introduction
A. Background
The
museum is a permanent institution, non-profit, serving public needs, with an
open nature, by conducting business collecting, conserving, researching,
communicating, and showing real objects to the public for the needs of study,
education and pleasure. Therefore, it can be used as a study material by
academics, documentation of certain community characteristics, or documentation
and imaginative thinking in the future. Since 1977, every May 18th
is celebrated as International Museum Day.
In
Indonesia, the museum that was first built was the Radya Pustaka Museum.
Besides that, the Elephant Museum is also known as the most complete collection
in Indonesia, the Puppet Museum, Persada Soekarno, the Textile Museum and the
National Gallery of Indonesia which specifically presents a collection of
Indonesian modern art.
The
museum has a variety of types, from large institutions and includes many
categories, to small institutions that focus on a particular subject, location,
or someone. In addition there is a universal museum whose collection represents
the world and usually collections include art, science, history and natural
history. The type and size of the museum is reflected in its collection. A
museum usually has a core collection which is the most important object in its
field.
Indonesia
has many museums scattered throughout the archipelago. This museum is used as a
medium of learning for children to get to know or know about history or
whatever is presented in the museum. This is done to increase the knowledge and
insight of Indonesian children about history, science, and others.
B. Aim
The
purpose of the research is about the Zoological Museum which is located in
Bogor, West Java, namely:
1.
To find out the condition of the
Zoological Museum
2.
To find out what are the facilities in the
Zoological Museum
C. Formulation of The Problem
1.
What is the Zoological Museum?
2.
What is the attraction at the Zoological
Museum?
Chapter
II
Discussion
A.
Zoological
Museum
Bogor
Zoological Museum is a museum located in Bogor, has collections related to the
animal world such as various preserved specimens and animal fossils. The museum
is divided into two, one of which is opened every day to the public which
contains an exhibition room located on Jalan Ir. H. Juanda No. 9 Bogor, the
other museum serves as a collection place and is only open to the public once a
year in October, at the Cibinong Science Center precisely at Jalan Raya Jakarta
- Bogor Km.46 Cibinong, Bogor. Both parts of the museum are managed by the
Zoology Division of the Biology Research Center-LIPI.
In
August 1894 Dr. J.C. Koningberger founded the Zoologicum Bogoriensis Museum
(MZB), a part of ‘s Lands Plantentuin. The initial function was the zoology
laboratory as a forum for research in agriculture and zoology, with the name
Landbouw Zoologisch Museum. The construction of the new museum building was
completed in late August 1931. The aim of the establishment of the museum was
to collect and exhibit a collection of preserved animals from mammals,
reptiles, insects, birds, amphibians, fish, and mollusks. Also, the set of
concyologia from Java, especially the Dutch East Indies in general and the
carcinoogical set including the types of shellfish from the Indonesian
Archipelago.
The
duties and obligations of the Zoological Museum are based on Government Decrees
dated January 26, 1908 No.42 Department of Landbouw (Ministry of Agriculture).
This museum joins the Laboratory in Bogor and with the Fisheries Station (Visserij
station) in Batavia.
The
Zoological Museum collection in the Widyasatwaloka building, Cibinong Science
Center covers 3.5% of the number of species of fauna found in Indonesia, and
from fauna diversity in Indonesia only 0.05% of examples of animals (specimens)
possessed by the Zoology Field, Research Center Biology, LIPI.
1. Mammals,
the collection consists of various types of mammals collected from various
islands in Indonesia. The total collection is 650 types, consisting of 30,000
examples of animals (specimens).
2. Fish,
a collection of various types of fish consists of 12,000 species represented by
140,000 examples of animals.
3. Birds,
collections are collected from East and West Indonesia. A total of 1,000
species, including 30,762 examples of animals. The collection room for storing
bird specimens in the room is maintained at 22 ° C to keep the collection from
being destroyed.
4. Reptiles
and amphibians, stored collections recorded 763 species, out of 19,937 animal
samples.
5. Mollusk,
the collection of stored mollusks is 959 species of 13,146 animal samples.
6. Insects
are a group of animals with the largest number of collections. The Bogor
Zoological Museum is the most complete and largest insect repository in
Southeast Asia. Insect collection recorded 12,000 species, from 2,580,000
examples of animals.
7. Other
invertebrates consist of types of invertebrates, not mollusks and insects.
Collections collected there are 700 types of 1,558 examples of animals.
B. Attraction at the Zoological Museum
a)
Classic building
The
Zoology Museum occupies a 1,000 square meter building with seven showrooms. In
general, the condition of the building has been better and maintained even
though the lighting is bleak because it functions so as not to change the color
of the collection. The buildings around the building are also classic even
though they are a bit fragile, but for those who like antiques, photography and
horror, they will love it.
b)
Pope Pameungpeuk
The
main icon in the Zoological Museum is the blue whale, which is the largest
mammal in the world. The blue whale was found dead stranded on the coast of
Pameunpeuk, Garut, in 1916. It took 44 days to carry its body 27 meters long
and weigh 64 tons to Bogor. The appearance of the blue whale skeleton is the
main attraction in the Zoological Museum.
c)
The Tasik Rhinoceros
This
2-ton male rhino from Tasikmalaya is the last rhino in the Priangan region
after his partner died in 1914 due to being shot by poachers. To avoid the male
being shot also finally put into the collection of the Zoological Museum in
1934.
d)
Big Fish from Jakarta Bay
Jakarta
in the past produced abundant marine products. The collection is in the
original Zoological Museum. There is a jangilus fish (Tetrapturus brevirostris) from a family of marlin fish that are
like swords. The size of an adult, this fish was found in the Jakarta fish
market in 1933.
C. Strengths in the Zoological Museum
Before
I visited the Zoological museum, many sources said that the musseum was hot,
the lights were dim, there was no air conditioning. However, what I got was the
opposite. The Zoological Museum is not as hot and not as scary as people say. I
feel that the Zoological museum is still quite bright and not too hot. Some
people who visit also look comfortable lingering inside.
The
location of the Zoological Museum in the Bogor Botanical Gardens is a distinct
advantage. Most people will visit the museum if they go to the botanical
garden. After the museum can relax in the botanical garden, have a family
picnic, or do other activities with the family.
In
the museum, we can learn about fauna found throughout Indonesia. In the front
corridor before entering the museum there is information about classes in
kingdom animalia. After that we will go inside and see hundreds of species of birds,
in the next room there are types of mammals, then the types of reptiles,
insects, fish, and finally mollusks. All animals on display are native animals
that are preserved so that they can give us an idea of extinct animals that
are like this.
A
small map of the museum is also another advantage because the target of the
museum was founded more to introduce the world of fauna to children. With a map
like that will not make children feel tired and bored if the museum is built
too large and large. Parents also need to be able to continue to make their
children interested in what's inside the museum.
D. The Importance of Knowing Fauna
Diversity
Today,
the number of faunas in Indonesia and abroad is decreasing every year. This is
caused by illegal hunting and a lack of strict supervision of the fauna owned.
In Indonesia alone, every year there is always a conflict between humans and
animals because humans take the habitat area of these animals which causes
these animals to enter settlements to find food. The government should give a
rule that it is not permissible to pass through the habitat of an animal to be
used as a settlement or other building. As humans we must remember that we do
not live alone on this earth. We have various types of animals and plants that
we must care for and guard together.
The
diminishing and even extinction of an animal eating knows the diversity of
fauna is very important. We can still see animals that are protected at the
zoo, seeing them move. But what about extinct animals? We can only see it
through the skeleton contained in the museum and maybe never know more details
about the animal. What is even sadder is that if the extinct animals have not
had the chance to be preserved for collection in the museum, they will be
forgotten. For this reason, knowing the diversity of fauna is also important.
We can know and add to our insight into the world of fauna through the
Zoological Museum which is the most comprehensive museum in Southeast Asia.
Chapter
II
Closing
A.
Conclusion
The
Zoological Museum is the most complete fauna museum in Southeast Asia. This
museum attracts visitors when visiting the Bogor Botanical Gardens. The
Zoological Museum with its complete collection can attract visitors with
various icons in it. The average museum visitor is a family who intends to
provide education about the world of fauna to their children. By visiting the
Zoological museum, it is hoped that children will take part in preserving the
animals in Indonesia from extinction.
B. Suggestion
Overall
there are no shortcomings in the Zoological Museum, but to maintain visitors'
comfort, they still need to be considered clean. It aims to keep the museum
crowded with visitors every day.
